ANALYSIS BY MAPPING INDUSTRIAL NETWORK INDICATORS IN REGIONS

. In this article, the theoretical and practical aspects of the use of digital technologies in the analysis of socio-economic development of regions are studied. The trends of social development indicators and dynamics of Namangan region were analyzed using GIS technologies.


Fazliddinova Zulxumor Akramjon qizi -Toshkent davlat iqtisodiyot universiteti huzuridagi "Oʼzbekiston iqtisodiyotini rivojlantirishning ilmiy asoslari va muammolari" ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi stajyor-tadqiqotchisi
Introduction.Industry is the leading field of material production.Industrial maps describe the location of industrial production, its development factors and conditions, and its interaction with the environment.Various aspects of industrial production (industry specialization, gross product volume, number of items, etc.) are shown on industrial maps by individual enterprises, settlements, industrial nodes or administrative-territorial units.Industrial mapping was formed in the second half of the 19th century, although industrial elements and descriptions of mining were given long ago on many known Russian and foreign maps.Currently, the changes implemented in all spheres of the social life of our country impose new requirements on the assessment and mapping of the state of economic activity, the level of development, and the effectiveness of information provision.
The main tasks of modern mapping of industry are: to show the industry, its separate branches and territorial integration in the production complex of the mapped area; industrial activity of the mapped area, description of its network and territorial structure; description of the level and pace of industrial development of the entire and individual parts of the mapped area; to show the forms of industrial specialization of individual parts of the mapped area and the territorial organization of their industrial production; description of the volume of industrial production by sectors and sub-sectors; to show prospects of industrial development of the area to be mapped, etc.
Literature review.Even in the republic's industry, competition has risen from its ordinary stage to the highest stage and is becoming a real common support.Since the industrial network is considered the backbone of the country, many scientists have conducted research on the industry.Among them, N.G.Muminov in his book "Industrial Economy" states that "Emergence of industrial civilization is a complex process related to the creation of largescale machine production in industry and other sectors" [1].
In the textbook "Industrial Economy" by A. Artikov, "Industry is such a branch that finds its expression in the description of political, economic and organizational aspirations of all countries, their economic unification, that is, economic integration."As a result, opportunities for rational use of natural, labor and financial resources of all countries, as well as all achievements of science and technology will arise.[2] A.A.Ibraimova in her textbook "Socio-Economic Cartography" "Industrial maps describe a certain industry in general, maps of the fuel industry, ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, chemical and wood industry, machinery and agro-industry complexes, as well as other sectors as a whole" commented.[3] "When conducting various researches and studies using geography information systems, it is necessary to take into account the uncertainty of the data.The most important thing is that since the data is obtained from all sources, the distribution of errors is very complicated," said L.H. Gulomova, E.Yu.Safarov, I.O.Abdullaev noted.[4] The researchers of Kokan State University J.B. Sulaymanov, Sh.F.Nishonkulov, and M.R. Gafurov reported about geographic information systems in their articles.Geographic information systems (GIS) are becoming increasingly important for almost all natural and social sciences, they write.Applied economists have found that GIS can make a valuable contribution to many of the problems of interest to them.In addition, it has been noted that many of the science-based technologies related to GIS have contributions from applied economists.[5] Also, the researcher of Tashkent State University of Economics, Wu Qinghong, in his article entitled "Directions of using the production potential in the development of industry in the regions" stated that "in the development of industry in our republic, there is a very high internal regional potential, including deep processing of local raw materials and agricultural products."The effective use of the industrial potential of the Namangan region, which has the opportunity, is of urgent economic importance."[6] Foreign researchers I.J.Bateman, A.P.Jones, A.A. Lovett, I.R. Lake and B.H. Day in his article "Applying geographical information system (GIS) to environmental and resource economics" "A GIS is defined as "a system for capturing, storing, checking, integrating, manipulating, analyzing, and displaying data are spatially referenced to the earth".However, use of the term GIS be confusing" commented.[7] Research methodology.In this article, the place of production enterprises in the development of the industry of the regions of our country and the current situation were studied in depth.The purpose of this is to improve the industrial policy of our country and optimize the production potential of the state, as a result, to improve the state of regional industry by achieving the establishment of international economic relations.
Analysis and results.Industry as an object of mapping is distinguished by the complexity of technology and organization.There are many sectors and sub-sectors belonging to different technological cycles and organizationally belonging to different departments.In order to better understand the techniques, methods and approaches available in the creation of industrial maps, it is necessary to study in as much detail as possible the features of the organization and operation of the depicted network.There are two different approaches to industry mapping.The first can be called the organizationaltechnological approach (corresponding to the classification of statistical offices).It is convenient for scientific-reference maps and provides systematic description of industrial production.The second, staged production direction, first of all, expresses the nature of production by separating the mining and processing industries.Extractive industries are divided by groups and types of minerals, processing industries by groups and types of minerals, and processing industries by industries corresponding to the first classification.Extractive and processing industry sectors are often used in educational and local studies economic maps.Such an approach to drawing up scientific-reference maps is used in the description of industrial sectors related to the base of mineral raw materials, and in typological maps of general industry it is important to distinguish between primary and secondary sectors of industrial production.
When working with numbers, it is necessary to check the correctness and completeness of their analysis and forecast.Because the information is updated from year to year.Below is an analysis of the indicators of the industrial sector in the republic.

MINTAQA IQTISODIYOTI
Today, 75,600 industrial enterprises are operating in the republic, of which 12,100 (16.0% of the total number of registered enterprises) are in Tashkent, 8.4000 (11.1%) are in Fargona to the mother region, 7.7 thousand (10.1 %) to Tashkent region, 6.7 thousand (8.8 %) to Samarkand region and 6.6 thousand (8.7 %) to Andijan region.Also, the share of production of food, beverages and tobacco products in the manufacturing industry is 17.5% (the physical volume index is 105.7% compared to January-December 2022), the share of production of chemical products, rubber and plastic products is -8.3% (physical volume index compared to January-Decembe 2022 was 97.7%).
In the analysis of industrial indicators, the use of diagrams is more convenient and provides an understandable analysis.We can also see the share of regions in the total industrial production volume of the republic in the table below.
In particular, the increase in the economic potential of the Namangan region is largely due to the rapid development of food and light industry, as well as machine-building and metalworking (1.5 times the rate of the republic).
1.8 times) is being implemented.The region is the main producer of beverages, knitwear, clothing, and leather goods.
The service sector in the region is mainly characterized by trade services (36.1 percent) and transport services (22.0 percent) with average growth (1.6 times).At the same time, services such as financial, communication and information services developed in the following years.At the moment, he is a service provider in the region About 14,000 enterprises and organizations operate, more than 10,000 of them are located in the regions.
One of the important factors of ensuring structural changes in the regional economy is an active investment policy.Through the implementation of industrial and social investment projects, in 2018-2021, the volume of investments in the fixed capital of the region increased by 1.6 times (1.8 times at the level of the republic).The main sources of project financing are foreign investments (39.6 percent of total investments), funds of enterprises and residents (26.6 percent), bank loans (10.7 percent).Small business and private entrepreneurship, which make up 79.0% of the region's gross domestic product, play an important role in the development of the economy, increasing the incomes and living standards of the population.Small business has an advantage in industries such as industry (68.5 percent of total output), services (69.5 percent), construction works (93.2 percent), and investments (30.2 percent).It should be noted that more than 80.0 percent of the export of products and services is accounted for by small business entities.Favorable conditions have been created in the region for expanding foreign economic relations with countries such as Russia, Kazakhstan, China, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Turkey, and Ukraine.The largest share of regional exports is food products.

Appearance events
The weight of the type of activity in the regional industry, % At the same time, insufficient use of infrastructure components, lack of warehouses in some regions, instability of energy supply in remote and bordering districts, lack of working capital for purchasing raw materials, low product quality and demand as a result of depreciation of the main securities assets from existing production capacities (cotton fiber -27.6-71.9percent, yarn -75.8 percent, raw silk -39.4 percent, silk felt -56.7 percent, food products -40-60 percent) is manifested in insufficient use, in turn, they can cause the problem of sufficient supply of consumer goods to the population.

Change
The development of the petrochemical industry is carried out along with the extraction and processing of oil (in Mingbulok district), which produces localized products (solvents and thinners, paints and varnishes based on acrylic and vinyl polymers, polyatomic alcohols, rubber, polypropylene and polyethylene products).
To increase the industrial potential of the Namangan region, new opportunities are being created through the formation of modern forms of accommodation specializing in the production of tinctures, oils, anti-viral and antiviral products, such as "Namangan" SEZ, "Kosonsoy-farm" SEZ.herbs) and small industrial zones ("Orzu", "Pakhtakol", "Yuksalish" MPZ in Namangan), encouraging the activation of entrepreneurship and investment activities.At the same time, for the most successful operation of SEZ, it is necessary to solve the following issues -defining and forming specialization, ensuring timely purchase of imported equipment and raw materials, improving marketing services, as well as timely and high-quality fulfillment of obligations by partners.
In general, the high dependence of the regional industry on the textile industry, including the cotton ginning industry, is reflected in the relatively low level of production diversification (the coefficient is 0.746, and the indicator for regions is 0.904).The agrarian direction of the region's economy is reflected in the dominant development of low-tech (75.5% of the region's total industrial production) and low-level (10.5%) mediumtech industries, which make up about 90% of the industry.Manufacturing, which also indicates a lack of industrial diversification.Thus, the disparity in natural and raw resources and production potential manifested in the one-way network structure of industry, as well as their inefficient use, led to uneven development of regions and asymmetry of regional industrialization (Fig. 1).
In all districts of Namangan region, the share index does not exceed 0.3% of the total volume of industrial production of the republic.Industrial production per capita is 2-20.5 times lower than the national indicator.A very serious situation is noted in Yangikurgan, Chortoq, Chust, Norin, Kosonsoi districts (product production per capita is 332.1-987.7 thousand people, which is more than 7 times lower than the national indicator).Product production per capita in the city is 4422.6 thousand soums.This is 1.6 times less than the national parameter of 80.0.The share of Namangan region in the total production is -47.1%.
Product production per capita is 1961.5-3186.0thousand soums, which is 2.2-3.5 times less than the national indicator.The share of Namangan region in total production is 7.1-9.7 percent.
Product production per capita is 332.1-1269.4thousand soums, which is 5.5-20.5 times less than the national indicator.The share of Namangan region in the total production is 1.2-4.8percent.
The unfavorable infrastructural security and underdevelopment of the industrial base of the regions creates a one-sided direction of production and does not allow for the expansion of production capacities, which defines them as regions with a low industrial level.The main specialization of the districts is cotton ginning, production of building materials and the most important food production.
Namangan region is the leader in the production of agricultural products in the republic (its share in the total volume of agricultural products of the republic will be 7.1 percent in 2022).The regional agricultural network maintained its superiority in terms of providing employment (28.4 percent) and product export (38.9 percent).
In 2022-2017, with a 3.4-fold increase in production (average annual growth of 4.4%), the gross agricultural product will reach 13.3 trillion.Soum, 2022 14.5 trillion, including forestry and fisheries.amounted to soums (Figure 2.5).As a result of the implementation of comprehensive measures at the regional level, effective use of land and water potential, Norin (103.8 percent), Uchkurgan (103.1 percent), and Chortok (103.0%)districts (in other districts, production o (growth 100.5% -102.1%)relatively high growth of agricultural production was ensured.
Industry is the leading sphere of material production.Industrial maps created in the GIS program describe the location of industrial production, its development factors and conditions, and its inter-action with the environment.Various aspects of industrial production (industry specialization, gross product volume, number of items, etc.) are shown on industrial maps by individual enterprises, settlements, industrial nodes or administrative-territorial units.
The main tasks of modern industrial mapping are as follows: • to show the industry, its separate sectors and regional integration in the production complex of the mapped area; • to show the industry, its separate sectors and regional integration in the production complex of the mapped area; • operation of regional industry, description of its network and regional structure; • description of the level and pace of industrial development of the whole and individual parts of the territory; • show the forms of industrial specialization of individual parts of the territory and regional organization of their industrial production; • description of the volume of industrial production by sectors and sub-sectors; • description of internal and external production relations of the region; • show the prospects of regional industry development.
In the analysis of the industry, as an industrial object, it is distinguished by the complexity of technology and organization.According to preliminary data, industrial products worth 451.6 trillion soums were produced by republican enterprises in 2021, and the physical volume index (PVI) of industrial production was 108.7% compared to the month of 2020 (Fig. 2).
According to the contribution of the largest producing industry in the structure of industrial production, its share in the total industrial production was 83.0%.The volume of production of industrial products according to the types of economic activity of Namangan region is shown, from this we can know that Namangan region is the largest producer of food products, production of textile products, production of paper and paper products, and writing materials.We can also learn from the map compiled by the GIS program that Namangan district has the highest index in publishing, production of basic pharmaceutical products and preparations, production of computers, electrical equipment and optical products, production of furniture, and production of other finished goods.possible As a result of the analysis, we can identify districts with slow development.We can cite Pop, Mingbulok, Yangikurgan, and Chortok districts as an example.However, even though the overall development index of these districts is low, we can see that the activities of textile production and furniture production are well developed.A map developed in ArcGis uses a color scale to facilitate analysis.
Conclusion and suggestions.Industrial maps are divided into groups and subgroups according to the scope of the topic, the branches of the industry to be mapped and other aspects of the description of industrial production.First of all, there are general industry maps representing the branches of the entire industrial complex and private-network maps representing individual branches and subbranches.
Addressing new plots and developing new industrial maps should pay attention to: Major changes in the economic sphere, the emergence of equal participants in the economic activity of economic entities; Outdated information contained in previously published maps; Changes in the information needs of readers and users of cartographic products; Increasing requirements for the speed of satisfying information requests.
Also, the main tool for creating a map is information on this topic.Taking into account regional development indicators, their correct analysis is one of the main tasks of mapping.

Figure 1 .
Figure 1.Industrial level of cities and districts of Namangan region in 2022 (in relation to the parameter of the republic, %) Source: Information of the State Statistics Department of the Republic of Uzbekistan.

Figure 2 .
Figure 2. Map of industrial enterprises in Uzbekistan Source: Information of the State Statistics Department of the Republic of Uzbekistan.

Figure 3 .
Figure 3.Number of enterprises operating and newly established in the regions (in 2021, unit number) Through these indicators, we can know that among the regions of the republic, Namangan region has a medium development indicator.In terms of the number of operating (3437) and newly established (908) industrial enterprises, Namangan region ranks next to Fergana region, Tashkent region and Samarkand region.The volume of production of industrial products according to the types of economic activity of Namangan region is shown, from this we can know that Namangan region is the largest producer of food products, production of textile products, production of paper and paper products, and writing materials.We can also learn from the map compiled by the GIS program that Namangan district has the highest index in publishing, production of basic pharmaceutical products and preparations, production of computers, electrical equipment and optical products, production of furniture, and production of other finished goods.possible As a result of the analysis, we can identify districts with slow development.We can cite Pop, Mingbulok, Yangikurgan, and Chortok districts as an example.However, even though the overall development index of these districts is low, we can see that the activities of textile production and furniture production are well developed.A map the number of newly established enterprises number of operating enterprisesИНВЕСТИЦИЯ МУҲИТИ ЖОЗИБАДОРЛИГИНИ ОШИРИШДА ҲУДУДЛАРДАГИ МАХСУС ИҚТИСОДИЙ ЗОНАЛАРНИНГ ЎРНИ ВА УЛАРНИНГ ФАОЛИЯТИ ТАҲЛИЛИМухамаджанов Шаҳриёр Солижон ўғли -"Эл-юрт умиди" жамғармаси бўлим бошлиғиАннотация.Мазкур мақолада Ўзбекистонда махсус иқтисодий зоналар инвестицион фаолиятини таҳлил қилиш доирасида ҳудудларда махсус иқтисодий зоналар ташкил этиш ва ривожлантириш ҳолати ўрганилади.Инвестиция лойиҳаларини интенсив жойлаштириш орқали инвестицион фаолликни таъминлашнинг амалдаги ҳолати таҳлил қилинади.Шу билан бирга, ҳудудларга инвестицияларни жалб қилиш тизимини такомиллаштиришга доир илмий таклиф ва амалий тавсиялар тақдим қилинган.Калит сўзлар: инвестиция, ҳудуд, махсус иқтисодий зоналар, инвестиция жозибадорлиги, инвестицион муҳит, баҳолаш.

Table 1 . Share of regions in the total volume of industrial production in the republic (% of total)
Information of the State Statistics Department of the Republic of Uzbekistan Information of the State Statistics Department of the Republic of Uzbekistan.